Health authorities issue heat safety advice for upcoming heatwave

The health authorities have escalated the Heat Health Action Plan to prepare for the effects of the blistering heatwave forecast for the coming days.

On Friday, the Malta Meteorological Office issued a red weather warning as temperatures are expected to rise over the weekend, eventually soaring to 41°C next Monday.

The Superintendent of Public Health issued a detailed list of precautions people should take to remain safe during the heatwave.

To avoid the effects of extreme heat, the public is advised to:

• To avoid the effects of the heatwave it is important to:
• Keep out of the heat by avoiding going out during hot periods of the day, usually between 11am and 4pm.
• Stay cool by staying in the coolest parts of the home and workplace.
• Close curtains in rooms that face the sun to keep indoor spaces cooler.
• Drink plenty of water to replace fluids lost through sweating and eat more cold food such as salads.
• Avoid dehydrating liquids such as alcohol, coffee, tea, and caffeinated soft drinks.
• Wear light loose fitting clothing.
• Avoid physical exertion in the hottest parts of the day; either opt for indoor physical activity or carry out your physical activity in the morning when it is coolest.
• Walk in the shade, apply sunscreen, and wear a hat if you must go out in the heat.
• Never leave anyone in a closed, parked vehicle, especially infants, young children, or animals.
• Stay in an air-conditioned room when possible.
• Seek medical advice if you have any concerns.

Those who must go outside during peak hours are advised to carry a refillable water bottle and drink frequently, even when they do not feel thirsty.

People are also encouraged to regularly check on older relatives, neighbours and friends, particularly those who live alone.

Cooling centres are being activated in several localities to support highly vulnerable people who do not have access to adequate cooling facilities at home.

The authorities underlined the importance of remaining hydrated during periods of extreme heat, explaining that high temperatures can cause the body to lose water rapidly.

People should look out for signs of dehydration, including increased thirst, a dry mouth, dark urine and passing urine less frequently or in smaller amounts.

High temperatures can also cause heat exhaustion or heatstroke because of the loss of water and salt through sweating.

Common symptoms of heat exhaustion include weakness, faintness, headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, heavy sweating and intense thirst.

Heatstroke occurs when the body is unable to cool itself, causing its temperature to become dangerously high. Although less common, it can cause serious damage to the body and may be fatal. Symptoms include a high temperature, confusion, dizziness, seizures and loss of consciousness.

While extreme heat can affect anyone, the authorities highlighted that certain people face a greater risk of serious harm. These include older people, particularly those aged over 75, babies, young children, people with chronic kidney, respiratory or heart conditions, people with mental health conditions, outdoor workers and those taking certain medications, including lithium.

People taking medication are advised to read the hot-weather guidance included with their medicine.

The authorities urged the public to take all necessary precautions to protect themselves from the heat.

Health advice is available by calling 2123 1231. In emergencies, including suspected heatstroke, people should immediately call 112.